According to the PMBOK Guide, specifically the section on Trends and Emerging Practices in Project Integration Management, the role of the project manager changes significantly in agile and adaptive environments.
* Collaborative Integration: In an agile environment, expectations for project integration management shift from the project manager being the sole " integrator " to the entire team sharing the responsibility.
The project manager focuses on building a collaborative environment where the team has the autonomy to make decisions about the detailed product planning and execution.
* Responding to Change: Agile environments are characterized by high uncertainty and rapid change.
Therefore, the " integration " happens through frequent iterations and constant communication. A team that is empowered to make decisions can respond to changes much faster than a team operating under a traditional, centralized command-and-control structure.
* Role of the PM: The project manager ' s focus moves toward fostering a team that can self-organize and ensuring that the team has the necessary tools and environment to integrate their own work effectively.
This aligns with the " Servant Leadership " model often cited in the Agile Practice Guide.
Analysis of Other Options:
* A. Take control of all decisions and product planning: This describes a traditional, predictive (Waterfall) approach. In an agile environment, taking total control inhibits the team ' s ability to be flexible and respond to the evolving product backlog.
* C. Promote a team with a narrow specialization within a hierarchical environment: Agile thrives on cross-functional teams (T-shaped professionals) rather than narrow specializations. Hierarchical environments often create silos that slow down the integration process.
* D. Delegate project decisions to the product owner and sponsor: While the Product Owner makes decisions regarding the " what " (product features/prioritization), project integration involves the " how
" and the coordination of the work. Total delegation of all decisions removes the necessary leadership and facilitation required from the project manager and the team.