Activation Lock requires an Apple ID (personal or Managed) to be enabled, typically activated when Find My is turned on. It prevents reactivation after a wipe without the associated credentials. An MDM solution (option A) can manage or bypass Activation Lock but isn't required to use it. Supervision (option C) enhances management but isn't necessary for Activation Lock. A passcode (option D) adds security but isn't a prerequisite. The Apple Platform Security Guide specifies an Apple ID as the core requirement.