ある組織には、営業、事業運営、品質管理という3つの部門があります。各部門にはそれぞれ独自の責任、報告ライン、権限があり、内部プロセスを独立して管理しています。これはどのような組織構造の例でしょうか？
正解：B
This is an example of a functional organizational structure (B). The ITIL 4 Specialist: Create, Deliver and Support documentation (Section 3.1.2) describes a functional structure as one where departments are organized by specialized functions (e.g., Sales, Operations, Quality Control), each with distinct responsibilities and independent processes. This structure supports service value system alignment by leveraging expertise but can create silos if not coordinated. Option A (matrix) involves cross-functional reporting; option C (divisional) focuses on product or region; and option D (flat) minimizes hierarchy, none of which match the description. The guide notes this structure's relevance in service management contexts.
Reference: ITIL 4 Specialist: Create, Deliver and Support, Section 3.1.2 - Organizational Structures.
