Explanation
Graphical user interface, application, table Description automatically generated

Box 1: Hash
Hash-distributed tables improve query performance on large fact tables. They can have very large numbers of rows and still achieve high performance.
Box 2: Clustered columnstore
When creating partitions on clustered columnstore tables, it is important to consider how many rows belong to each partition. For optimal compression and performance of clustered columnstore tables, a minimum of 1 million rows per distribution and partition is needed.
Box 3: Date
Table partitions enable you to divide your data into smaller groups of data. In most cases, table partitions are created on a date column.
Partition switching can be used to quickly remove or replace a section of a table.
Reference:
https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/synapse-analytics/sql-data-warehouse/sql-data-warehouse-tables-partition
https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/synapse-analytics/sql-data-warehouse/sql-data-warehouse-tables-distribu