Reference:
To identify which Office VBA macros could be affected by enabling protection against launching child processes (payloads), you use the Attack Surface Reduction (ASR) rule:"Block all Office applications from creating child processes" (Rule ID: D4F940AB-401B-4EFC-AADC-AD5F3C50688A).
Microsoft Defender's PowerShell cmdlets allow you to test ASR effects by running them in Audit Mode before enforcement. Audit Mode records potential rule violations without blocking them, so administrators can assess impact.
To enable ASR rules in Audit Mode, Microsoft documentation provides:
Add-MpPreference -AttackSurfaceReductionRules_Ids D4F940AB-401B-4EFC-AADC-AD5F3C50688A - AttackSurfaceReductionRules_Actions AuditMode or Set-MpPreference -AttackSurfaceReductionRules_Ids D4F940AB-401B-4EFC-AADC-AD5F3C50688A - AttackSurfaceReductionRules_Actions AuditMode Both commands accomplish the same task-one adds new ASR configuration, and the other updates existing settings-so the correct answers are B (Set-MpPreference ... AuditMode) and C (Add-MpPreference ...
AuditMode).
This method follows Microsoft's official recommendation to always evaluate ASR rules in Audit Mode first to avoid disrupting legitimate macro-based workflows.