The greatest concern with the situation of privileged employee access requests to production servers being approved but not logged is the lack of accountability, which means the inability to trace or verify the actions and decisions of the privileged users. Lack of accountability can lead to security risks such as unauthorized changes, data breaches, fraud, or misuse of privileges. Logging user actions is a key component of privileged access management (PAM), which helps to monitor, detect, and prevent unauthorized privileged access to critical resources. The other options, such as lack of availability, improper authorization, or inadequate authentication, are not directly related to the situation of not logging user actions. References:
* https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/security/business/security-101/what-is-privileged-access- management-pam
* https://www.ekransystem.com/en/blog/privileged-user-monitoring-best-practices
* https://www.beyondtrust.com/resources/glossary/privileged-access-management-pam