In programming, branching refers to making decisions based on certain conditions, which alters the flow of execution within a program. When a software developer needs to modify code to accommodate specific conditions, like the needs of the finance department, branching is applied. This allows the program to execute different sections of code depending on the circumstances (e.g., "if-else" statements). It is one of the core concepts for modifying or adapting existing programs for different functional requirements.
Compiling refers to converting source code into machine-readable instructions, but it doesn't change the logic of the program.
Looping repeatedly executes a set of instructions.
Sequencing refers to the ordered execution of instructions, which doesn't involve conditional changes.
Reference:
CompTIA IT Fundamentals (ITF+) Certification Exam Guide
Official CompTIA A+ Exam Objectives