Using X.509 certificates for authentication with HTTPS encrypts credentials in transit and provides server identity verification. In SecurityX CAS-005 objectives, securing internal web services with TLS and mutual authentication is a primary method to reduce credential interception or reuse.
802.1X EAP-TTLS is for network access control, not web authentication.
DNS security (DNSSEC) ensures DNS integrity, not web session encryption.
IDS rules help detect, but not prevent, credential exposure.