Step by Step Explanation: NIST (National Institute of Standards and Technology): Provides comprehensive password guidelines (e.g., SP 800-63B) widely used for securing systems, including handling PII. GDPR (General Data Protection Regulation): Focuses on data privacy laws rather than technical password policies. CMMI (Capability Maturity Model Integration): Addresses process improvement, not password complexity. COPPA (Children's Online Privacy Protection Act): Focuses on child data privacy, not password rules. Reference: CASP+ Exam Objectives 5.3 - Implement security controls and best practices using NIST standards.