The command docker run -tid -v data:/data debian bash creates and runs a new container from the debian image, with an interactive terminal and a detached mode, and mounts a named volume data at /data in the container12. If the volume data does not exist, it is created automatically3. If the command is executed twice in succession, two containers are created and run, each with its own terminal and process ID, but they share the same volume data. This means that both containers can access, modify, and see the contents of the data volume, and any changes made by one container are reflected in the other container. Therefore, the statement C is true and the correct answer. The statements A, B, D, and E are false and incorrect, as they do not describe the behavior of the command or the volume correctly. References:
* 1: docker run | Docker Docs.
* 2: Docker run reference | Docker Docs - Docker Documentation.
* 3: Use volumes | Docker Documentation.
* [4]: How to Use Docker Run Command with Examples - phoenixNAP.