Normalizationis the process ofstructuring log datainto a standard format for easy analysis and correlation across multiple systems. Normalization (Correct Answer - D) Ensures consistency in log file formats. Helps security analysts detect patterns and anomalies. Example:Converting log timestamps into a standardized format (UTC). Extraction (Incorrect - A) Retrieves data but does not format it for analysis. Data Acquisition (Incorrect - B) Refers to collecting data, not structuring it. Imaging (Incorrect - C) Creates copies of disk storage but is unrelated to log analysis. References: ISACA CISA Review Manual NIST 800-92 (Guide to Computer Security Log Management)