Comprehensive and Detailed Step-by-Step Explanation: Normalizationis the process ofstructuring log datainto a standard format for easy analysis and correlation across multiple systems. * Normalization (Correct Answer - D) * Ensures consistency in log file formats. * Helps security analysts detect patterns and anomalies. * Example:Converting log timestamps into a standardized format (UTC). * Extraction (Incorrect - A) * Retrieves data but does not format it for analysis. * Data Acquisition (Incorrect - B) * Refers to collecting data, not structuring it. * Imaging (Incorrect - C) * Creates copies of disk storage but is unrelated to log analysis. References: * ISACA CISA Review Manual * NIST 800-92 (Guide to Computer Security Log Management)