Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation: The primary purpose of vulnerability assessments is to identify known weaknesses before they can be exploited by attackers. * Option A: Security awareness is a benefit but not the main purpose. * Option C: Improving posture is an outcome, not the direct purpose. * Option D: Protection against threats is broader than vulnerability assessment. # ISACA Reference: CISA Review Manual 27th Edition, Domain 5, section on vulnerability management and assessments.