正解:B
Effective change management procedures include having a backout plan when a patch fails. A backout plan ensures that there are predefined steps to revert the system to its previous state if the new change or patch causes issues, thereby minimizing downtime and mitigating potential negative impacts.
Having a backout plan when a patch fails: Essential for ensuring that changes can be safely reverted in case of problems, maintaining system stability and availability.
Approving the change after a successful deployment: Changes should be approved before deployment, not after.
Using a spreadsheet for tracking changes: While useful for documentation, it is not a comprehensive change management procedure.
Using an automatic change control bypass for security updates: Bypassing change control can lead to unapproved and potentially disruptive changes.