Layer 2 switches use MAC (Media Access Control) addresses to direct packet transmission to the intended recipient.
* MAC Address: A unique identifier assigned to network interfaces for communication on the physical network segment.
* Switching: Layer 2 switches maintain a MAC address table to keep track of which MAC addresses are associated with which ports, enabling them to forward frames to the correct destination port.
Reference: Cisco DevNet Associate Certification Guide, Chapter on Network Fundamentals and Switching.